Understanding the Hybrid COVID Variant XEC: What You Need to Know

By | September 21, 2024

As the COVID-19 virus continues to evolve, a new strain, XEC, has emerged. While this variant may not cause severe side effects, experts warn it belongs to a more contagious class of the virus. Here’s what you need to know about the XEC variant, its spread, symptoms, and how to protect yourself.

What Is the XEC Variant?

The XEC variant is a recombinant, or hybrid, strain of two Omicron variants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. It was first detected in Berlin in June 2023 and has since spread across Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Countries such as Germany, France, Denmark, and the Netherlands have reported hundreds of cases.

In the United States, XEC has been found in at least 25 states, though the number of cases is likely higher since not all COVID-19 tests undergo genetic analysis. According to Joëlla W. Adams, an epidemiologist at RTI International, the virus’s spread in Europe often foreshadows what will happen in the U.S.

Is XEC More Contagious?

The XEC variant is classified as more contagious than other COVID-19 variants. Omicron variants like XEC tend to spread more easily compared to earlier strains. However, there’s no evidence that XEC causes more severe illness. Fortunately, current vaccines and booster shots still offer protection against this variant, as they target the broader Omicron family of viruses.

Key Points About XEC’s Contagiousness:

  • It spreads more easily than previous strains.
  • Current COVID-19 vaccines and boosters provide protection.
  • As we enter fall and winter, expect COVID cases to increase, especially in indoor environments like schools and holiday gatherings.
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COVID-19 Symptoms: What to Watch For

So far, there is no evidence that the XEC variant causes unique symptoms. The symptoms of XEC align with those of other COVID-19 variants, which can range from mild to severe. The CDC continues to list the following common symptoms of COVID-19:

  • Fever or chills
  • Cough
  • Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
  • Fatigue
  • Muscle or body aches
  • Headache
  • Loss of taste or smell
  • Sore throat
  • Congestion or runny nose
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Diarrhea

If you experience severe symptoms such as trouble breathing, persistent chest pain, new confusion, or bluish lips or skin, seek medical attention immediately.

Current Dominant Strain in the U.S.

While the XEC variant is being closely monitored, another variant, KP.3.1.1, currently dominates in the United States. According to the CDC, KP.3.1.1 accounts for over 50% of COVID-19 cases, with KP.2.3 making up around 12%. This variant first became the dominant strain in late July 2023 and has remained prevalent since.

How to Protect Yourself from XEC and Other Variants

The CDC continues to recommend the following measures to protect yourself against XEC and other COVID-19 variants:

  • Get Vaccinated: The CDC advises that everyone aged six months and older receive the updated 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine. This is crucial regardless of whether you’ve had a previous infection or vaccination.
  • Monitor Health Guidelines: Stay informed by following updates from trusted health sources like the CDC’s COVID Data Tracker. This will provide information about circulating variants and the effectiveness of vaccines and treatments.
  • Practice Good Hygiene: Continue practicing the basics washing your hands frequently, wearing masks in crowded spaces, and maintaining social distancing when possible.
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Conclusion

The XEC variant is yet another reminder that COVID-19 remains an ongoing public health concern. While it may not be more severe than other strains, its higher transmissibility, combined with the expected rise in cases during the colder months, makes it essential to stay vigilant. Vaccines and boosters remain effective tools in protecting against this and other variants.